Originally ruled by the Incan emperor Pachacutec, Cusco was an urban centre having both religious and administrative functions. It was surrounded by areas for agriculture and industrial production. In the 16th century, the Spaniards conquered the Incan Empire and built churches and palaces on the city’s ruins, but preserved the basic structure. Cusco was the ancient capital of the Incan Empire, and was placed on the World Cultural Heritage List by UNESCO in 1983. There are still Incan building along the cobbled streets, such as the Koricancha and the palace of Inca Roca. There are also the colonial buildings, like the Cathedral and the Church of the Company of Christ.